Text Box: Students begin to: · identify parts of speech (e.g., noun, verb, adjective, adverb, pronoun) · identify parts of sentences (e.g., subject, predicate, object) · identify and use correct punctuation · write descriptive, expository, narrative, and persuasive pieces for different audiences and purposes · use graphic organizers, note taking, brainstorming, and other strategies to generate and organize thoughts, and to paraphrase or summarize information · identify/understand figurative language, metaphor, simile, idioms, and dialogue · choose a form appropriate to personal or academic purposes of writing (such as letters, reports, lists) · review draft to determine if it clearly reflects the writer’s purpose · reflect on and conference with others to clarify and revise text · edit for correct spelling of assigned and high-frequency words and use dictionaries to spell words correctly · edit for correct grammar (subject/verb agreement, verb tense, noun/verb/adjective) · edit for correct mechanics (e.g., punctuation, capitalization, and indentation) · use appropriate style and expressions · use appropriate style and expressions · organize writing using chronological order, logical order, supporting detail, compare and contrast, problem/solution and well-ordered examples · identify reasons for paragraphing · write a paragraph on a specific topic using proper sequence and form · write a story, essay, or report that develops a topic · use a variety of editing/revising strategies · use various informational and expository writing formats · gather information from a variety of sources to support and defend their ideas and points of view · draft, evaluate, and revise a reference-based report · recognize that the presentation of written works is necessary for effective communication Text Box: Number Sense and Numeration System · Decimals to hundredths equated with fractions · Sum, difference, or products of fractions with like or unlike denominators, and reduction of fractions · Comparison of decimals to decimals and decimals to fractions · Percent and fraction/decimal equivalents · Place values of decimals to thousandths · Fractional models that represent equivalent fractions · Equivalent fraction for decimal representation in tenths, hundredths, or thousandths · Application of number theory to multiples and to the factoring of whole numbers and equivalency of positive rational numbers · Reading/writing numerals in word form to billions · Reading and writing whole numbers to billions, fractions and decimals to thousandths · Use of numbers in everyday context (e.g., calendars, clocks, signs, literature) · Understanding of multiplication as repeated addition and of division as repeated subtraction · Effects of operations · Dividing using two-digit divisors · Multiplying multiple-digit numbers by a triple-digit number · Computing/reducing fractions; computing/rounding decimals · Adding and subtracting up to and including five-digit numbers with regrouping · Appropriate computational techniques to solve problem and test results · Multiplication facts with factors to 12 · Rounding numbers to the nearest 10, 100, 1,000 · Estimation/mental computation to add, subtract, multiply, and divide Text Box: · Identify a specific purpose for their reading such as enjoyment, learning, or locating information · develop questions before, during, and after reading to enhance and connect understanding and recall · fluently read materials presented in a variety of print styles · make use of graphic organizers to develop a summary, to compare and contrast, and to do plot and character analyses · communicate major elements of a story (character, setting, conflict/resolution, plot, main idea, and supporting details) · identify who is telling the story (point of view) · distinquish between fact and opinion · complete sentences using synonyms, antonyms, homonyms, multi-meaning words, and analogies · communicate how the standard meaning of words may be changed · enhance understanding through questions, prior knowledge, and predictions · use facts to infer by identifying and using main ideas, supporting details, and characters, mood, etc. · identify and understand the use of figurative language such as idioms, similes and metaphors · skim a paragraph and paraphrase or summarize the main idea and supporting details · identify and use direct, implied, and inferential meaning to extend reading understanding · make connections among the texts read, heard, and viewed · make and confirm complex predictions based on evidence and other connections · skim resource materials to acquire information · demonstrate the ability to access information and choose materials appropriate to their reading skills and for their task · choose and read materials independently for enjoyment, learning, communication, and information · demonstrate the use of resource materials (e.g., table of contents, index, glossary, dictionary, thesaurus, encyclopedia, atlas, globe, maps, resource books, newspapers, periodicals, and technology) · identify the elements of genres (such as fiction, historical fiction, realistic fiction, science fiction, nonfiction, fantasy, folk and fairy tales, fables, poetry, biography and autobiography) · read independently for pleasure and information